Klas Lindfors
96 lines
3.6 KiB
Plaintext
96 lines
3.6 KiB
Plaintext
== Yubico PIV Tool
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The YubiKey supports the Personal Identity Verification (PIV) card
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interface specified in NIST SP 800-73 document "Cryptographic
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Algorithms and Key Sizes for PIV". PIV enables you to perform RSA or
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ECC sign/decrypt operations using a private key stored on the
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smartcard, through common interfaces like PKCS#11. This project
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contain the library, tools and PKCS#11 module to interact with the
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hardware functionality.
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* PIV Standards http://csrc.nist.gov/groups/SNS/piv/standards.html
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=== General information
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The default PIN code is 123456. The default PUK code is 12345678.
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The default 3DES management key (9B) is
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010203040506070801020304050607080102030405060708.
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The following key slots exists:
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* 9A, 9C, 9D, 9E: RSA 1024, RSA 2048, or ECC secp256r1 keys
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(algorithms 6, 7, 11 respectively).
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* 9B: Triple-DES key (algorithm 3) for PIV management.
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The maximum size of stored objects is 2025/3049 bytes for current versions of
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YubiKey NEO and YubiKey 4, respectively.
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Currently all functionality are available over both contact and
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contactless interfaces (contrary to what the specifications mandate).
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=== Preparing a YubiKey for real use
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You would typically change the management key to make sure nobody but
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you can modify the state of the PIV application on the YubiKey. Make sure to
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keep a copy of the key around for later use.
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All of these invocations will leave traces of keys and pins in the command line
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history, this can be avoided by leaving the argument out all-together and the
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software will ask for key/pin to be input. For the management key option (-k)
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this is achieved by leaving out the value but will specifying -k.
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$ key=`dd if=/dev/random bs=1 count=24 2>/dev/null | hexdump -v -e '/1 "%02X"'`
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$ echo $key
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$ yubico-piv-tool -aset-mgm-key -n$key
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The PIN and PUK should be changed as well.
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$ pin=`dd if=/dev/random bs=1 count=6 2>/dev/null | hexdump -v -e '/1 "%u"'|cut -c1-6`
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$ echo $pin
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$ puk=`dd if=/dev/random bs=1 count=6 2>/dev/null | hexdump -v -e '/1 "%u"'|cut -c1-8`
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$ echo $puk
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$ yubico-piv-tool -achange-pin -P123456 -N$pin
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$ yubico-piv-tool -achange-puk -P12345678 -N$puk
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=== Other useful commands
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To generate a new private key:
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$ yubico-piv-tool -k$key -agenerate -s9c
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To reset PIN/PUK retry counter AND codes (default pin 123456 puk
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12345678):
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$ yubico-piv-tool -k$key -averify -P$pin -apin-retries --pin-retries=3 --puk-retries=3
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To reset the application (PIN/PUK need to be blocked hence trying a couple
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of times -- you need to modify this if you have changed the default
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number of PIN/PUK retries).
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$ yubico-piv-tool -averify-pin -P471112
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$ yubico-piv-tool -averify-pin -P471112
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$ yubico-piv-tool -averify-pin -P471112
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$ yubico-piv-tool -averify-pin -P471112
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$ yubico-piv-tool -achange-puk -P471112 -N6756789
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$ yubico-piv-tool -achange-puk -P471112 -N6756789
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$ yubico-piv-tool -achange-puk -P471112 -N6756789
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$ yubico-piv-tool -achange-puk -P471112 -N6756789
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$ yubico-piv-tool -areset
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=== Software
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Card management has been tested with the tools from the OpenSC
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project, specifically piv-tool, and Yubico's PIV software (see
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below). Basic features should work with any PIV compliant
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middleware.
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* https://github.com/OpenSC/OpenSC/wiki
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* https://developers.yubico.com/yubico-piv-tool/
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* https://developers.yubico.com/yubikey-piv-manager/
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* https://github.com/OpenSC/OpenSC/wiki/US-PIV
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* https://github.com/OpenSC/OpenSC/wiki/PivTool
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=== Card Holder Unique Identifier
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For the application to be usable in windows the object CHUID (Card Holder
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Unique Identifier) has to be set and unique. The card contents are
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also aggressively cached so the CHUID has to be changed if the card
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contents change.
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